Chinese jurisprudence

29 pages; An address delivered before the New York State Bar Association at its annual meeting... January 15, 1901…https://digitalrepository.trincoll.edu/moore/1022/thumbnail.jp

Open Problems, Research Topics, Recent Results on Numerical and Spiking Neural P Systems (The "Curtea de Arge s 2015 Series")

A series of open problems and research topics are formulated, about numer- ical and spiking neural P systems, initially prepared as a working material for a three months research stage of the second and the third co-author in Curtea de Arge s, Roma- nia, in the fall of 2015. Further problems were added during this period, while certain problems were addressed in this time; some details and references are provided for such cases

MiRNA-200b level in peripheral blood predicts renal interstitial injury in patients with diabetic nephropathy

Background: To uncover the diagnostic potential of peripheral blood microRNA-200b (miRNA-200b) in renal interstitial injury in diabetic nephropathy (DN) patients. Methods: A total of 50 diabetes subjects, 50 mild DN subjects, 50 moderate-severe DN subjects and 50 healthy subjects were included. Peripheral blood level of miRNA-200b in every subject was detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Serum levels of renal function indicators were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Meanwhile, relative levels of fibrosis damage indicators were examined by chemiluminescent immunoassay. Diagnostic potentials of miRNA200b in diabetes, mild DN and moderate-severe DN were assessed by depicting receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results: Peripheral blood level of miRNA-200b was higher in DN subjects than diabetes subjects without vascular complications, especially moderate-severe DN patients. Peripheral blood level of miRNA-200b in DN subjects was negatively correlated to relative levels of serum creatinine, urinary nitrogen, cystatin, TGF-b, CIV and PCIII. ROC curves demonstrated diagnostic potentials of miRNA-200b in mild and moderate-severe DN. Conclusions: Peripheral blood level of miRNA-200b is closely linked to the degree of renal interstitial injury in DN patients. MiRNA-200b may be a vital indicator in predicting the development of DN

Synthesis and biological activities of novel danshensu amide derivatives as anti-myocardial ischemia agents

A series of novel danshensu amide derivatives were synthesized, and the protective effects of all the compounds on rat myocardial cell lines H9C2 by hypoxia were investigated. The results showed that all the seven compounds could significantly increased cell viability compared with hypoxia group. Among these compounds, 3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-hydroxy-N-propylpropanamide (6) exhibited good activities, with cell viability reached 94.2 % compared to the normal. The novel danshensu amide derivatives, possessing an additional lipophilic alkyl chain showed a good lipophilicity.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Psychiatry Residents in China: Socio-Demographic Characteristics, Career Satisfaction, and Related Factors

Objective: To study the socio-demographic characteristics, the working environment, and the level of career satisfaction among psychiatry residents in China.Method: This was a part of a large-scale, nation-wide online survey of hospitals, healthcare professionals, and patients. Data, including socio-demographics, work hours, income, job satisfaction, and intention to quit were collected anonymously. Respondents also completed the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ).Results: One thousand sixty residents nested in 32 psychiatric hospitals in 29 provinces in China completed the survey. Respondents were predominantly female (69.0%), worked an average of 47.8 ± 11.6 h per week, and 28.97% had experienced medical disputes in the previous year. The top three reported reasons for dissatisfaction were low pay (50.1%), contentious doctor-patient relationships (17.6%), and high workload (10.8%). An intention to quit their current job was reported by 18.7% of residents. The overall mean MSQ score was 73.8 ± 13.8, with significant differences across post-graduate training years and regions. A multilevel regression analysis found that a higher MSQ score was significantly associated with fewer years in residency, shorter work hours, higher monthly pay, having medical liability insurance, and feeling satisfied with the level of doctor-nurse cooperation, their hospitals' medical disputes prevention/management, and the healthcare workers' social environment.Conclusion: Psychiatry residents in China are predominantly female and well-educated. They are only moderately satisfied with their career. Poor salaries, contentious doctor-patient relationships and high workload are among their top complaints and may explain why a considerable proportion are intending to leave their current residency. More support from the government regarding residents' salaries, workload and working environment may help improve their job satisfaction and retention, ensuring that China will have a pool of well-trained and engaged psychiatrists for the future

Molecular epidemiological characteristics of Mycobacterium leprae in highly endemic areas of China during the COVID-19 epidemic

ObjectivesThe present study analyzed the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the prevalence and incidence of new leprosy cases, as well as the diversity, distribution, and temporal transmission of Mycobacterium leprae strains at the county level in leprae-endemic provinces in Southwest China.MethodsA total of 219 new leprosy cases during two periods, 2018–2019 and 2020–2021, were compared. We genetically characterized 83 clinical isolates of M. leprae in Guizhou using variable number tandem repeats (VNTRs) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The obtained genetic profiles and cluster consequences of M. leprae were compared between the two periods.ResultsThere was an 18.97% decrease in the number of counties and districts reporting cases. Considering the initial months (January–March) of virus emergence, the number of new cases in 2021 increased by 167% compared to 2020. The number of patients with a delay of >12 months before COVID-19 (63.56%) was significantly higher than that during COVID-19 (48.51%). Eighty-one clinical isolates (97.60%) were positive for all 17 VNTR types, whereas two (2.40%) clinical isolates were positive for 16 VNTR types. The (GTA)9, (TA)18, (TTC)21 and (TA)10 loci showed higher polymorphism than the other loci. The VNTR profile of these clinical isolates generated five clusters, among which the counties where the patients were located were adjacent or relatively close to each other. SNP typing revealed that all clinical isolates possessed the single SNP3K.ConclusionCOVID-19 may have a negative/imbalanced impact on the prevention and control measures of leprosy, which could be a considerable fact for official health departments. Isolates formed clusters among counties in Guizhou, indicating that the transmission chain remained during the epidemic and was less influenced by COVID-19 preventative policies

[[alternative]]Assessments and interventions of computer access for persons with physcial disabilities

[[abstract]]Computer technology has developed rapidly and become essential for people’s daily lives. However, persons with physical disabilities usually experience obstacles in computer access through conventional input apparatus because of their abnormal postures and movements. Computer adaptation technology, a specific access technology that meet clients’ needs to access computers, have been emerged recently. How to choose a proper computer access apparatus to fit special needs for individuals with physical disabilities is a critical issue in computer adaptation technology. In this dissertation, a systematic evaluation procedure, called computer access assessment (CAA) for therapists, are developed to perform holistic assessment and interventions. With the aid of such evaluation procedure, appropriate devices and intervention strategies will be recommended for individuals with physical disabilities to access computers. Effectiveness of such assistive devices on accuracy and speed of computer inputs for persons with physical disabilities were also been investigated. This dissertation contributes to three fundamental topics. First, an innovative decision procedure of CAA will be proposed. CAA was developed through extensive literature review and clinical experiences of researchers. Content validity was established through a panel of expertise in this area. Eight faculties from occupational therapy, special education, and computer education, are involved in reviewing assessment items. According to clients’ special needs, we reconstruct a new procedure with the following four major steps: (1) seating and positioning needs, (2) keyboard adaptation needs, (3) potential anatomical control site allocations, and (4) mouse adaptation needs. Advices about special equipment needs will be provided at the end of the evaluation. The interrater reliability of CAA was investigated through case studies of two senior occupational therapists by evaluating 23 clients simultaneously and administrating the CAA independently. Interrater agreements of two rates were between .76 and 1.00. In the second part, we use a single-subject multiple probe design to examine the effectiveness of using computer input devices on children with cerebral palsy. Three children with cerebral palsy participated in this study. Two were spastic quadriplegia and one is athetosis. In the baseline phase, test subjects used the regular mouse to move the cursor and click the target. In the intervention phase, the researcher provided subjects the computer input devices based on the results of administrating the CAA. Experimental results suggested that each subject’s accuracy and speed of input improved during intervention phase. Children with cerebral palsy are beneficial significantly after this study. Finally, we duplicate the research design to examine the effectiveness of using computer input devices on persons with spinal cord injury. Three persons with spinal cord injury participated this study. The subject’s levels of the lesion were cervical 3-4, cervical 4-5 and cervical 5-6. Test results indicated that persons with spinal cord injury indeed improved the accuracy and the speed of computer inputs after the assitive equipment provided. In summary, computer access assessment for persons with physical disabilities is a valid and reliable evaluation tool for clinical prationioners. Through appropriate input devices, clients with cerebral palsy and clients with spinal cord injury are able to operate computer effectively

America, through the spectacles of an Oriental diplomat,

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